| Fuse et al. (2003)29) | 40 | 8:32 | | 8 w | Outpatient: IV PD for 3 days (60, 50, 40 mg) and then oral PD (30 mg) during the following 3 daysInpatient: HD of PD IV for 5 days (200, 200, 150, 100, 50 mg), and then oral PD (30, 30, 20, 20 mg) during the following 4 days | No | No | HD steroid treatment was effective even in the patients who initially failed to respond to treatment with LD steroid | R |
| Suzuki et al. (2006)9) | 225 | 99:126 | | 4 w | LD: oral≤30 mg prednisolone for initial (total: ≤130 mg) HD: IV≥500 mg hydrocortisone for initial (total: ≥1,500 mg) | Isosorbide | No | HD steroid treatment was effective even in the patients who initially failed to respond to treatment with LD steroid with in 7 daysdiuretic alone was not significantly related to hearing improvement | R |
| Morita et al. (2010)4) | 156 | 52:104 | 48.7 | 8 w | 40 mg of oral PD or 8 mg of betamethasone for 14–21 days | Isosorbide (70%, 90 mL) | No | Steroid-diuretic combination therapy was more effective than the steroid or diuretic treatments alone | R |
| Roh et al. (2015)30) | 33 | 13:20 | 33 | 12 w | Oral 30–60 mg MPD and tapered for 10 days | Oral 50 mg spironolactone for 2 wks | Dexamethasone (5 mg/mL) 0.5 cc for 5 days | Hearing levels after initial treatment correlate with long-term outcomes in ALHLrecurrence rate 15.2% (5 patients) within 1 yr | R |
| Jung et al. (2016)31) | 50 | 10:40 | 39.7 | 8 w | Oral PD for 1–4 day (80 mg), 5–6 day (60 mg), 7–8 day (40 mg), 9–10 day (20 mg), 11–14 day (10 mg) | No | Salvage | Oral steroid therapy was more effective than ITS | R |
| Chang et al. (2016)32) | 47 | 11:36 | 43 | 4 w | Oral MPD for 1–4 day (64 mg), 5–6 day (48 mg), 7–8 day (32 mg), 9 day (24 mg), 10 day (16 mg), 11–12 day (8 mg) | Oral 25 mg/d hydrochlorothiazide | No | Steroid and diuretic administered together and steroid alone similarly improve the hearing threshold | R |
| Morita et al. (2016)33) | 90 | 24:66 | 48.8 | 1 m1 yr5 yrs | Oral PD for 14–16 days; tapered from 4–60 mg/day | Isosorbide (70%, 90 mL) | Salvage: dexamethasone (5 mg/mL) 0.5 cc; once weekly for 4 consecutive weeks | Recovery rates at 1 m, 1 yr in the ITS group were significantly higher (no significant differences in 5 yr)rate of PR within 1 yr in the ITS group was significantly higherfunctional values at 1 m, 1 yr in the ITS group were significantly higher salvage ITS can provide a relatively good short-term hearing outcome for ALHL who have persistent hearing loss despite conventional treatment | R |
| Lee et al. (2018)34) | 46 | 11:35 | 36.8 | 3 w | LD: oral 24 mg for 5 days with taperingHD: oral 48 mg for 5 days with tapering | No | No | HD steroid for complete recovery rate 86.4%LD steroid for complete recovery rate 37.5% | R |
| Park et al. (2018)35) | 84 | 27:57 | 42.5 | 8 w | Oral PD for 1–4 day (60 mg), 5–6 day (40 mg), 7–8 day (20 mg), 9–10 day (10 mg) | 25 mg/d hydrochlorothiazide | Salvage: twice weekly for 2 weeks | Prognosis of patients with ALHL is worse in those with vertigo compared to without vertigohearing recovery rate in patients with vertigo tends to be higher in those treated with steroids than with diuretics alone | R |
| Kim et al. (2020)36) | 58 | 19:39 | 39.3 | 12 w | Oral 60 mg MPD for 14 d and tapered | 25 mg/d hydrochlorothiazide for 3 m | No | Hearing recovery by more than 10 dB; 87.9% (51/58)Recover between 10–20 dB; 23.5% (12/51)Recover between 20–30 dB; 33.3% (17/51)Recover between 30–40 dB; 29.4% (15/51)Recover between 40–50 dB; 11.8% (6/51)Greater than 50 dB; 2.0% (1/51)Close relationship between the degree of low-tone HL and ecog abnormality and observed the progression to MD | R |